Users Online: 6070
Home
About us
Editorial board
Search
Browse articles
Submit article
Ahead of Print
Instructions
Subscribe
Contacts
Login
» Articles published in the past year
To view other articles click corresponding year from the navigation links on the side bar.
All
|
Brief Communication
|
Brief Reports
|
Case Report and Literature Review
|
Case Reports
|
Editorial
|
Erratum
|
Letter to Editor
|
Letters to Editor
|
Notice of Retraction
|
Original Article
|
Original Articles
|
Research Articles
|
Review Articles
|
Review Report
|
Short Communications
|
Systematic Review
Export selected to
Endnote
Reference Manager
Procite
Medlars Format
RefWorks Format
BibTex Format
Show all abstracts
Show selected abstracts
Export selected to
Add to my list
Review Article:
Dietary intake of Zinc, serum levels of Zinc and risk of gastric cancer: A review of studies
Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh, Zahra Maghsoudi, Mahdi Foroughi, Gholamreza Askari, Reza Ghiasvand
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:118 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157849
PMID
:26261820
Gastric cancer (GC) is considered as most fourth common cancer in the world. Findings from animal, experimental and epidemiologic studies indicate that diet plays an important role in the etiology of stomach cancer. Among dietary factors, Zinc status has received great attention in recent years. The purpose of the present study was to review the association of serum levels of Zinc, dietary intake of Zinc and GC risk. A complete search was performed about the association of Zinc status and risk of GC was in databases electronic through such as ISI web of science, PubMed, Scopus, IrMedx and SID. Our results of current review suggest that dietary intake of Zinc and serum levels of Zinc are lower in GC patient. In other word, high serum levels of Zinc may be protective in GC risk. However, it seems further studies in particular epidemiological studies with large scale setting are required to reach a definite conclusion.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Review Article:
Current status and patent prospective of animal models in diabetic research
Radhey S Dhuria, Gurpreet Singh, Anudeep Kaur, Ramandeep Kaur, Tanurajvir Kaur
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:117 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157847
PMID
:26261819
Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous complex metabolic disorder with multiple etiology which characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. The widespread occurrence of diabetes throughout the world has increased dramatically over the past few years. For better understanding, appropriate animal models that closely mimic the changes in humans needed, as vital tool for understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease at the cellular/molecular level and for preclinical testing of drugs. This review aims to describe the animal models of type-1 diabetes (T1Ds) and T2Ds to mimic the causes and progression of the disease in humans. And also we highlight patent applications published in the last few years related to animal models in diabetes as an important milestone for future therapies that are aim to treating diabetes with specific symptoms and complications.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Study of
C-MYC
amplification and expression in Iranian gastric cancer samples using CISH and IHC methods
Malihea Khaleghian, Issa Jahanzad, Abbas Shakoori, Farid Azmoudeh Ardalan, Cyrus Azimi
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:116 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157841
PMID
:26261818
Background:
Gastric cancer is the fourth most frequent malignancy and the second cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. It has been suggested that in gastric carcinogenesis, the
C-MYC
gene has an important function. The objective of this study is to establish the preference of Chromogenic
in situ
hybridization (CISH) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer.
Materials and Methods:
Samples comprised of 50 randomly selected patients of whom 40 were male and 10 female. To evaluate the
MYC
copy number and its protein expression, CISH and IHC analyses were performed for 50 gastric adenocarcinomas, in Iran.
Results:
The location of the tumor in 64% of the patients was the fundus, and in 72% of patients, the tumors were of a diffuse type; 22 samples showed no amplification, and 28 samples were with amplification. MYC immunoreactivity was observed in 13 samples. Twelve samples showed both
MYC
amplification and MYC immunoreactivity. In addition, among the 28 CISH+ samples, 12 samples had positive signals for IHC and 16 samples had negative signals for IHC. A majority of the IHC-negative patients had no amplification, but only one patient with IHC positive had no amplification.
Conclusion:
Our conclusion was that for the management and treatment of gastric cancer, and for special attention of clinicians, for prognosis and tumor progression, the CISH was a better and more feasible test than IHC, in regard to the sensitivity and specificity.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Reference range of the weekly uterine cervical length at 8 to 38 weeks of gestation in the center of Iran
Esmat Jafari-Dehkordi, Atoosa Adibi, Mehri Sirus
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:115 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157839
PMID
:26261817
Background:
There is an inverse relation between the uterine cervical length during pregnancy and the frequency of preterm delivery. The purpose of this study was to construct a chart and evaluate the cervical length at 8 to 38 weeks of normal gestation in the center of Iran.
Materials and Methods:
Uterine cervical length was measured on 930 asymptomatic pregnant women by abdominal ultrasonographic technique. For statistical evaluation, regression analysis and calculation of percentiles were performed.
Results:
Our data show a significant decrease in uterine cervical length with increasing gestational age. The mean uterine cervical length exhibits minimal changes from 10 to 24 weeks for most women in this study, although the shortening is more prominent at 33 to 38 weeks' gestation. The mean shortening of the uterine cervical length between the second and the ninth months was 14.82% (
P
< 0.05). Also, the cervical length means in trimesters 1, 2 and 3 were 39.30 ± 4.33, 38.28 ± 5.13 and 36.58 ± 4.58 mm, respectively. The third trimester showed a significant reduction (
P
< 0.05) in cervical length compared to the first and second trimesters (6.92% and 4.44%, respectively). New charts with the 5
th
, 10
th
, 50
th
, 90
th
, and 95
th
percentile are presented.
Conclusion:
Our study provides a new chart and reference values for normal uterine cervical length throughout gestation based on a large sample in the center of Iran. There was a progressive decrease in mean uterine cervical length with increasing gestational age in the population of this study. Our established charts for uterine cervical length throughout gestation might be more useful than a single cut-off value for more efficient prevention and management of preterm birth.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Investigation of purification process stresses on erythropoietin peptide mapping profile
Mina Sepahi, Hooman Kaghazian, Shahin Hadadian, Dariush Norouzian
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:114 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157836
PMID
:26261816
Background:
Full compliance of recombinant protein peptide mapping chromatogram with the standard reference material, is one of the most basic quality control tests of biopharmaceuticals. Changing a single amino acid substitution or side chain diversity for a given peptide changes protein hydrophobicity and causes peak shape or retention time alteration in a peptide mapping assay. In this work, the effect of different stresses during the recombinant erythropoietin (EPO) purification process, including pH 4, pH 5, and room temperature were checked on product peptide mapping results.
Materials and Methods:
Cell culture harvest was purified under stress by different chromatographic techniques consisting of gel filtration, anionic ion exchange, concentration by ultrafiltration, and high resolution size exclusion chromatography. To induce more pH stresses, the purified EPO was exposed to pH stress 4 and 5 by exchanging buffer by a 10 KDa dialysis sac overnight. The effects of temperature and partial deglycosylation (acid hydrolysis) on purified EPO were also studied by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and peptide mapping analysis. Removal of sialic acid by mild hydrolysis was performed by exposure to two molar acetic acid at 80°C for 3 h.
Results:
No significant effect was observed between intact and stressed erythropoietin peptide mapping profiles and SDS-PAGE results. To validate the sensibility of the technique, erythropoietin was partially acid hydrolyzed and significant changes in the chromatographic peptide map of the intact form and a reduction on its molecular weight were detected, which indicates some partial deglycosylation.
Conclusions:
Purification process does not alter the peptide mapping profile and purification process stresses are not the cause of peptide mapping noncompliance.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Topical pyruvic acid (70%) versus topical salicylic acid (16.7%) compound in treatment of plantar warts: A randomized controlled trial
Zabihollah Shahmoradi, Fatima Assaf, Hassan Al Said, Parastoo Khosravani, Sayyed Mohsen Hosseini
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:113 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157833
PMID
:26261815
Background:
Recurrence rate is considerable with current topical treatments of plantar warts. We compared the efficacy of topical pyruvic acid (70%) with salicylic acid (16.7%) compound in treating multiple plantar warts.
Materials and Methods:
In this randomized controlled trial, 60 patients with multiple plantar warts were equally randomized to receive either pyruvic acid 70% or compound salicylic acid solution (salicylic acid 16.7%, lactic acid 16.7%, and collodion 100%) that was topically applied twice a day for 4 weeks. Patients were visited every 2 weeks for 1 month after starting treatment and then every 1 month for another 2 months. The number and size of warts, treatment complications (pain, burning, scar, pigmentation, and crust), and recurrence were evaluated.
Results:
Warts' number was decreased by -13.12 ± 25.6% with pyruvic acid and by -23.0 ± 28.0% with compound salicylic acid (
P
= 0.159) after treatment. Warts' size was decreased by -43.47 ± 57.0% with pyruvic acid and by -37.40 ± 32.76% with compound salicylic acid (
P
= 0.615) after treatment. There was no difference between the two groups in cumulative incidence of treatment complications (
P
> 0.05). Also, there was no difference between the two groups in recurrence rate at 2 months (10 vs. 16.7%,
P
= 0.500) or at 3 months after treatment (3.3 vs. 6.7%,
P
= 0.335).
Conclusion:
Topical pyruvic acid and compound salicylic acid had the same efficacy and complications in treating plantar warts. Decision for choosing the treatment can be made based on the costs and individual factors as well as patients preferences.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
The effect of problem solving and decision making skills on tendency to depression and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes
Elaheh Abazarian, M Teimourzadeh Baboli, Elham Abazarian, F Esteki Ghashghaei
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:112 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157830
PMID
:26261814
Background:
Diabetes is the most prevalent disease that has involved 177 million people all over the world and, due to this, these patients suffer from depression and anxiety and they should use special methods for controlling the same. The aim of this research is the study of the effect of problem solving and decision making skill on the rate of the tendency to depression and anxiety.
Materials and Methods:
This research is a quasi-experimental (case-control) study. Statistically, the population of the present study was all diabetic patients of Qaemshahr who were controlled by physicians in 2011-2012. Thirty files were selected randomly from them and divided into two 15 patients' groups (control and subject group) randomly. The measurement tools were Back depression inventory (21 items) and Zank anxiety questionnaire that were distributed among two groups. Then, the subject group participated in eight sessions of teaching problem solving and decision making courses separately, and the second group (control group) did not receive any instruction.
Results:
Finally, both groups had passed post-test and the data obtained from the questionnaires were studied by variance analysis statistical methods.
Conclusion:
The results showed that teaching problem solving and decision making skills was very effective in reducing diabetic patients' depression and anxiety and resulted in reducing their depression and anxiety.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Causes and rates of revision total knee arthroplasty: Local results from Isfahan, Iran
Mehdi Motififard, Mohamad Pesteh, Mohammad Reza Etemadifar, Somayeh Shirazinejad
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:111 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157829
PMID
:26261813
Background:
Knee replacement is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in the world. Local data on revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are limited. This study aims to assess the rates and causes of revision TKA in Kashani Hospital (Isfahan, Iran) from 2011 to 2013.
Materials
and
Methods:
We assessed all primary TKA and revision TKA procedures performed from 2011 to 2013 for the rate and causes of failures. Demographic data, duration from primary TKA to revision TKA and underlying diagnosis for primary TKA were also assessed.
Results:
Overall, 353 primary TKA procedures carried out in this period. The overall revisions following primary TKA in this period was 24 cases, indicating a revision burden of 6.8%. The most common cause of revision TKA was infection, which was in 16 cases (44.4%). Other causes included patellar complications, mechanical loosening of both tibia and femur, mechanical loosening of tibia, instability, and periprosthetic fracture. The main revision procedures were all component revision, tibial component revision, isolated tibial insert exchange and patellar tendon repair. The most common revision procedure was two stage all component revision, which was carried out in 13 subjects (36.1%).
Conclusion:
Local indications for revision TKA are mainly similar to those in other large centers. As compared with other centers, with considering the follow-up time, revision burden is relatively higher in this center.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Molecular identification of
Acinetobacter baumannii
isolated from intensive care units and their antimicrobial resistance patterns
Hasan Ghajavand, Bahram Nasr Esfahani, Seyed Asghar Havaei, Sharareh Moghim, Hossein Fazeli
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:110 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157826
PMID
:26261812
Background:
Acinetobacter baumannii
is one of the most important pathogens in hospital-acquired infections especially in intensive care units (ICUs). This opportunistic pathogen can be easily isolated from water, soil, and hospital facilities.
A. baumannii
as a nosocomial opportunistic pathogen is resistant to a wide range of antibiotics and responsible for multiple infections, including bacteremia, pneumonia, meningitis, urinary tract infections, and surgical wounds. The aim of this study was to determine frequency and resistance patterns of
A. baumannii
isolated in ICUs of Isfahan Hospitals.
Materials and Methods:
During 1 year period (2012-2013), 350 specimens were collected from ICUs of Isfahan hospitals. The isolates were characterized as
A. baumannii
by conventional phenotypic, biochemical tests and confirmed by PCR for
OXA-51
-like gene. Susceptibility of isolates was determined by standard disk diffusion method according to CLSI.
Results
: From total of 350 specimens, 43 isolates were
A. baumannii
. The antimicrobial patterns of isolates showed that 53.5% of isolates were resistant to amikacin, 83.7% to tetracyclin, 86% to ceftazidime, 90.7% to Trimethoprim sulfametoxazol, 93% to imipenem, cefepime, meropenem, ampicillin-sulbactam. All isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin.
Conclusion:
This study showed a high resistance of
A. baumannii
to a wide range of antimicrobial agent. It is necessary to adopt appropriate strategies to control the spread of the bacteria in care unit centers and wards.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
The effects of unripe grape extract on systemic blood pressure and serum levels of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide in rat
Behzad Zolfaghari, Mostafa Kazemi, Mehdi Nematbakhsh
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:109 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157822
PMID
:26261811
Backgrounds:
The new lifestyle increases the incidence of hypertension. In Iranian folk medicine, it is believed that Verjuice obtained by unripe grape (
Vitis vinifera)
could control blood pressure. We tested the effects of unripe grape extract (UGE) in blood pressure alteration, serum antioxidant level and aorta endothelial permeability in rats.
Materials and Methods:
Four groups of rats were treated daily by placebo and three different doses of UGE (50, 150 and 300 mg/kg/day). Four weeks later, the animals were anesthetized and catheterized. The direct mean arterial, systolic and diastolic pressures (MAP, SP and DP) were recorded. The endothelial permeability was determined and the serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonaldialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite were measured.
Results:
High dose of UGE increased MAP and SP significantly (
P
< 0.05) when compared with the control group. Decrease of MDA and increase of SOD and nitrite also were detected statistically in animals treated with high dose of UGE (
P
< 0.05). No difference in aorta endothelial permeability was observed between the groups.
Conclusion:
The effect of UGE on blood pressure was dose dependent. High dose of UGE increased MAP and SP although its antioxidant activity was significantly high. Such observation mechanisms need to be defined.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
The association between saliva control, silent saliva penetration, aspiration, and videofluoroscopic findings in Parkinson's disease patients
Ali Rajaei, Fereshteh Ashtari, Seyed Abolfazl Azargoon, Ahmad Chitsaz, Mohammad Hussein Nilforoush, Masoud Taheri, Saba Sadeghi
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:108 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157815
PMID
:26261810
Background:
Dysphagia is a common disorder among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). It occurs in up to 80% of all (PD) patients during the early stages of the disease and up to 95% in the advanced stages; but professionals may not hear from the patients about dysphagia symptoms until these symptoms reach an advanced stage and lead to medical complications.
Materials and Methods:
Thirty-three PD patients (mean age 66.09 ± 9.4 years; 24 men, nine women) participated in this study at our Neurology Institute, between April 20, 2013, and October 26, 2013. They were asked two questions; one about saliva control and the other about silent saliva penetration and aspiration. Next, they underwent the videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS).
Results:
The Pearson Correlation coefficient between the Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) scores and question 1 scores was 0.48 (
P
< 0.05, =0.25), and there was a significant correlation between the PAS scores and question 2 scores, and also question 1 scores + question 2 scores (r = 0.589,
P
< 0.05, =0 and r = 0589,
P
< 0.05, =0).
Conclusions:
This study showed a significant correlation between the questions about saliva control, silent saliva penetration, and aspiration, and laryngeal penetration and aspiration during VFSS. Therefore, by using these two questions, the potential silent laryngeal penetration and aspiration during meals could be detected before it led to aspiration pneumonia. Taking the benefit of these questions, as a part of the swallowing assessment of PD patients, is recommended.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Protective effects of
Echium amoenum
Fisch. and C.A. Mey. against cerebral ischemia in the rats
Leila Safaeian, Abolfazl Azami Tameh, Alireza Ghannadi, Elmira Akbari Naghani, Hamed Tavazoei, Samaneh Sadat Alavi
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:107 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157809
PMID
:26261809
Background:
This study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of
Echium
amoenum
total anthocyanin extract (ETAE) on partial/transient cerebral ischemia in the rats.
Materials
and
Methods:
Rats received ETAE (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min before the induction of cerebral ischemia. Cerebral ischemia was induced by bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion (BCCAO) for 30 min, followed by 72 h reperfusion. The neurological deficit, brain performance, and sensory motor function were assessed 48 h and 72 h after surgery. After sacrification, the brains were evaluated for myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and histopathological changes.
Results:
Our results showed that motor function significantly decreased in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group as compared to the sham group. Histopathological analysis exhibited the shrinkage and atrophy of the neurons in I/R group. ETAE at the dose of 200 mg/kg improved spontaneous activity and memory induced by cerebral ischemia compared to the control group and also decreased brain MPO activity following cerebral ischemia. However, it could not affect the ability to climbing, body proprioception, vibrissae touch and brain water content. In addition, pretreatment with ETAE at higher doses significantly reduced ischemia-induced neuronal loss of the brain.
Conclusion:
The anthocyanin rich fraction from
E. amoenum
was found to have protective effects against some brain damages postischemic reperfusion . However, further researches are required for investigating the exact mechanisms of the effect of this plant in the prevention of cerebral ischemia in human.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Effect of family members' voice on level of consciousness of comatose patients admitted to the intensive care unit: A single-blind randomized controlled trial
Hossein Tavangar, Manijeh Shahriary-Kalantary, Tahereh Salimi, Mohammadhossein Jarahzadeh, Mohammadtaghi Sarebanhassanabadi
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:106 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157806
PMID
:26261808
Background:
Coma is one of the most important complications of brain injury. Comatose patients in the intensive care units are exposed to sensory deprivation. This study aims to survey the effect of family members' voice on level of consciousness of comatose patients hospitalized in the intensive care units.
Materials and Methods
: In this single-blind randomized controlled trial, 40 comatose patients with brain injury with acute subdural hematoma in intensive care units were randomly assigned into two groups. The intervention group was stimulated twice a day each time 5-15 min with a recorded MP3 from family members' voice for 10 days. The patients' level of consciousness was measured with Glasgow Coma Scale before and after auditory stimulations. In the control group, GCS was measured without auditory stimulation with the same time duration like intervention group. Data analysis in software SPSS version 15 and using Chi-square test, independent
t
-test, paired t- test and analysis of variance with repeated measures was done.
Results:
On the first day before the intervention, there was no a statistically significant difference between the mean of GCS in both groups (
P
= 0.89), but on the tenth day after the intervention, there was a significant difference (
P
= 0.0001) between the mean GCS in both control and intervention groups. Also, there was a significant difference between the mean daily GCS scores in two groups (
P
= 0.003). The findings during ten days showed the changes in the level of consciousness in the intervention group from the 4
rd
day of the study were more in the mean daily GCS scores than control group.
Conclusion
: This study indicated that family members' voice can increase level of consciousness of comatose patients with acute subdural hematoma.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Comparison of antibacterial activities of cadmium oxide nanoparticles against
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
and
Staphylococcus Aureus
bacteria
Bahareh Salehi, Esmaeil Mortaz, Payam Tabarsi
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:105 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157805
PMID
:26261807
Background:
Inorganic antibacterial factors have bacterial resistance and high thermal stability. Inorganic nanomaterials which have new structures with biological, chemical and physical properties have been made since their applications due to their nano size. In this study, the antibacterial effect of cadmium oxide nanoparticles on
Staphylococcus aureus
and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
bacteria was investigated.
Materials and Methods:
The different concentrations (10 μg/ml, 15 μg/ml and 20 μg/ml) of cadmium oxide nanoparticles were prepared and their effects were studied against considered bacteria in both solid and liquid media.
Results:
The results showed that there is a direct relationship between inhibitory effect and amount of consumer dose of nanoparticles. Furthermore, it was observed that antibacterial properties of cadmium oxide nanoparticles on activity and growth of
Staphylococcus aureus
was more effective than
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
.
Conclusion:
This study showed that antibacterial effects of cadmium oxide nanoparticles on positive gram bacteria are stronger than negative gram bacteria and antibacterial effects of cdo nanoparticles against both bacteria, but
Staphylococcus aureus
bacteria were more sensitive to nanoparticles as compared to
Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Molecular typing of
Brucella
species isolates from Human and livestock bloods in Isfahan province
Ebtehaj Pishva, Rasoul Salehi, Akbar Hoseini, Ali Kargar, Fatemeh Emani Taba, Maryam Hajiyan, Reza Fadaei, Javad Ramezanpour
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:104 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157798
PMID
:26261806
Background:
Human brucellosis is caused by infection with certain species of the genus
Brucella
and is characterized by bacterial persistence and inflammation of many host tissues. Handling all live Brucella involves risk of laboratory infection and very strict biosafety rules must be observed. In order to avoid these disadvantages, method based on the PCR-RFLP shows excellent typeability, reproducibility, stability, and epidemiological concordance. The
omp2
locus contains two gene copies (named
omp2a
and
omp2b
) coding for porin proteins and has been found particularly useful for molecular typing and identification of
Brucella
at the species, biovar, or strain level. This study is designed to evaluate the molecular epidemiology of
Brucella spp
from human and livestock in Isfahan province, central region of Iran in order to use the findings in efficient disease prevention programs.
Materials and Methods:
One hundred ninety blood samples were collected from human and cattle with active brucellosis and 40 aborted ewes fetuses were collected and genotyped using PCR-RFLP technique, DNA polymorphisms such as the restriction patterns of the PCR-amplified omp2a and omp2b genes.
Results:
The molecular characterization performed to assess the species and the biovar of the
Brucella strains. Analysis of the 230 isolates examined in this study generated three unique RFLP profiles. One of the profiles was the most common being present in 134/180.
Conclusion:
Our findings confirm abundance of B. melitensis, particularly biovar 1 in human and sheep are identical but B. abortus
biovar 3 as the etiological agent of cattle brucellosis most frequently isolated in the Isfahan area.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Effect of age on the phenotype of metabolic syndrome in developing country
Mojgan Gharipour, Masoumeh Sadeghi, Mohsen Hosseini, Elham Andalib, Maraym Bakhtiari Boroujeni, Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:103 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.157796
PMID
:26261805
Background:
This study aimed to determine how age groups effect on the phenotype of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Iranian population.
Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted as part of Isfahan Healthy Heart Program. Height, weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure were measured by trained health-care professionals. MetS was defined as having three or more of the National Cholesterol Education Program III criteria. The relation between different age groups and different phenotypes of MetS was examined using the multinomial logistic regression.
Results:
We found low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) was the most common feature, followed by hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), abdominal obesity (ABO), hypertension (HTN), and high fasting blood glucose in decreasing order of prevalence. The most prevalent combination of MetS components was hypertrigeceridemia, low HDL-c and ABO (50.7%) in all subjects and especially in younger age group (63.2%). In elder age group, the most prevalent three components combination was HTG, Low HDL-c and HTN (43.9%). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that elder subjects were at approximately 12 times higher risk of having the combination HTG, ABO, low HDL-c, and HTN (
P
< 0.001) compared to the middle age subjects who had a lower risk for the same combination; (2 [1.49-3.49]) (
P
< 0.001).
Conclusion:
This study provides a nationally representative estimate of the prevalence of different phenotypes of MetS across different age groups. Regarding different phenotypes of MetS in various age groups need to have important implications in the clinical management of these patients and the implementation of public health.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
A study to investigate the importance of purses as fomites
Susheela D Biranjia-Hurdoyal, Shailendra Deerpaul, G Krishna Permal
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:102 (29 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156652
PMID
:26261804
Background:
Purses hardly get washed and are discarded, mostly, when they are no longer usable. This study aims to investigate whether women's and men's purses can serve as fomites.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 145 purses from 80 women and 65 men were swabbed and cultured. The bacteria were identified by gram staining and with the standard biochemical tests.
Results:
A total of 138 purses (95.2%) showed bacterial contamination, out of which 49.4% had a single growth and 50.7% had mixed growth. The material of the purse was found to affect bacterial growth. Synthetic purses showed higher mean colony-forming unit (CFU) counts (
P
< 0.05).
Micrococcus
(64.8%) and coagulase-negative
Staphylococcus
(64.1%) were the most common bacteria isolated, followed by
Bacillus
spp. (13.8%).
Micrococcus
was found with a higher prevalence on men's purses, while
Bacillus
spp. were more prominent on women's purses (
P
< 0.05). The difference between the rates of bacterial growth from the purses of women and of men was found to be statistically significant (57.2% and 44.7%;
P
< 0.05). Furthermore, the mean CFU count was higher for men's purses than for women's purses (
P
< 0.05).
Conclusion:
Purses from both men and women are potential vectors for transmission of diseases across the community. The use of synthetic purses should be discouraged, as they contribute to increased bacterial colonization.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
The effect of hydroalcoholic extract from the leaves of
Moringa peregrina
(Forssk.) Fiori. on blood pressure and oxidative status in dexamethasone-induced hypertensive rats
Leila Safaeian, Gholamreza Asghari, Shaghayegh Haghjoo Javanmard, Arman Heidarinejad
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:101 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156681
PMID
:26015927
Background:
Moringa peregrina
(Forssk.) Fiori. is a tropical tree growing in southeast of Iran. All parts of this plant have nutritional uses and pharmacological activities. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract from the leaves of
M. peregrina
in dexamethasone (Dex)-induced hypertension in rats.
Materials and Methods:
Male Wistar rats received Dex (30 μg/kg, subcutaneously; s.c.) or saline (as vehicle, 1 ml/kg, s.c.) for 14 days. In a prevention study, the rats received
M. peregrina
extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, orally) for 4 days, followed by Dex for 14 days. In a reversal study, the animals received
M. peregrina
extract orally from day 8 to 14. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured using tail-cuff method. The hydrogen peroxide (H
2
O
2
) concentration and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were assessed in plasma samples.
Results:
Dex significantly increased the SBP and the plasma H
2
O
2
and decreased the plasma FRAP value (
P
< 0.001).
M. peregrina
extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg prevented (
P
< 0.01) but did not reverse Dex-induced hypertension in rats. It also dose-dependently reduced the plasma H
2
O
2
concentration and improved the FRAP value upon Dex administration.
Conclusions:
The findings of the present study indicated the antioxidant and partially antihypertensive effects of the hydroalcoholic extract from the leaves of
M. peregrina
in Dex-induced hypertension. Further experiments on other fractions of the leaves and also other parts of this plant are suggested for better evaluation of its antihypertensive effect and finding its mechanisms of action.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (10) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Development of hen antihepatitis B antigen IgY-based conjugate for ELISA assay
Najat Muayed Nafea, Majeed Arsheed Sabbah, Raghad AL-Suhail, Amir Hossein Mahdavi, Sedigheh Asgary
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:100 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156678
PMID
:26015926
Background:
Chicken antibodies have many advantages to the mammalian antibodies and have several important differences against mammalian IgG with regard to their specificity and large-scale production. In this study, the production, purification, and HRP conjugation of polyclonal IgY against hepatitis virus surface antigen (HBsAg) were carried out.
Materials and Methods:
Single Comb White Leghorn hens were immunized intramuscularly with hepatitis B vaccine in combination with Freund's adjuvants. Blood and eggs were collected before and during ten weeks after the first immunization.
Results:
A highly purified of 180 KDa with specific activity of 200 mIU/ml was obtained by our purification protocol. One milligram of the purified IgY was labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Sandwich ELISA was used to determine the optimum titer of anti-HbsAg IgY-conjugate which was found to be 1:20.
Conclusions:
This study showed that laying hens can be used as an alternative source for production of polyclonal antibodies against HBsAg and anti-HBs IgY could be labeled with HRP enzyme and could subsequently be used successfully as secondary antibody in ELISA for detection of HBsAg in the patients sera.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (4) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Acute flaccid paralysis surveillance: A 6 years study, Isfahan, Iran
Alireza Emami Naeini, Mohamadreza Ghazavi, Sharareh Moghim, Amirhosein Sabaghi, Reza Fadaei
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:99 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156670
PMID
:26015925
Background:
Poliomyelitis is still an endemic disease in many areas of the world including Africa and South Asia. Iran is polio free since 2001. However, due to endemicity of polio in neighboring countries of Iran, the risk of polio importation and re-emergence of wild polio virus is high. Case definition through surveillance system is a well-defined method for maintenance of polio eradication in polio free countries.
Methods:
In a cross-sectional survey from 2007 to 2013, we reviewed all the records of under 15 years old patients reported to Acute Flaccid Paralysis Committee (AFPC) in Isfahan province, Iran. All cases were visited by members of the AFPC. Three stool samples were collected from each reported case within 2 weeks of onset of paralysis and sent to National Polio Laboratory in Tehran, Iran, for poliovirus isolation. Data were analyzed by SSPS software (version 22). Student's
t
-test and Chi-square was used to compare variables. Statistical significance level was set at
P
< 0.05.
Results:
In this 6-year period 85 cases were analyzed, 54 patients were male (63.5%) and 31 were female (36.5%). The mean age of patients was 5.7 ± 3.9 years. The most common cause of paralysis among these patients was Guillian-Barrι syndrome (83.5%). We did not found any poliomyelitis caused by wild polio virus. Only one case of vaccine associated poliomyelitis was reported.
Conclusion:
Since 1992, Iran has a routine and high percent coverage of polio vaccination program for infants (>94%), with six doses of oral polio vaccine (OPV). Accurate surveillance for poliomyelitis is essential for continuing eradication.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (7) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Venous insufficiency after prolonged standing: Is joint hypermobility an important risk factor?
Kamran Azma, Peyman Mottaghi, Alireza Hosseini, Shadi Salek, Roya Bina
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:98 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156666
PMID
:26015924
Background:
Varicose veins are extremely common disease which is due to elevated superficial venous pressures. We aimed to know that if joint hypermobility causes the venous insufficiency following the prolonged standing.
Materials and Methods:
This prospective cohort study conducted on the soldiers of training periods in a military base of Iran Army in Isfahan in 2013. The active-duty soldiers were first examined by a physician and their Beighton scores (BSs) were obtained. At the onset of the training period, the presence of chronic venous insufficiency was clinically evaluated according to the C class of clinical, etiological, anatomical, and pathological classification. After 3 months, soldiers with and without joint hypermobility were reexamined for manifestations of venous insufficiency based on clinical examination.
Results:
Of 718 soldiers, 211 subjects were diagnosed for joint hypermobility syndrome (29.3%). The mean BS was significantly higher in hypermobility soldiers (5.5 ± 1.5) than the healthy ones (1.2 ± 1.1). Before the training period, the prevalence of spider and varicose veins in soldiers with joint hypermobility was significantly higher than healthy subjects (
P
> 0.001). After the training period, the prevalence of venous insufficiency significantly increased in soldiers with joint hypermobility (
P
> 0.001) while there was no significant difference in healthy group before and after the period of training (
P
= 0.25).
Conclusion:
Hypermobility could be considered as a risk factor for the development of venous insufficiency, so it seems necessary to evaluate the population who need to be standing for a long time for evidence of joint hypermobility.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (2) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Is the ligation of hernial sac necessary in herniotomy for children? A randomized controlled trial of evaluating surgical complications and duration
Mohammad Hadi Rafiei, Ali Jazini
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:97 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156665
PMID
:26015923
Background:
Herniotomy is a common operation done by pediatric surgeons. Recent studies have shown that high ligation in herniation in adult is not necessary, but this method was not fully evaluated in children. We compared non-ligation with high-ligation sac in herniotomy in terms of surgical complications and duration.
Materials and Methods:
This randomized controlled trial study was done on 104 children with inguinal hernia at Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, between 2011 and 2013. Patients were equally randomized to undergo herniotomy with ligation of sac at the internal ring level or to undergo herniotomy without sac ligation. Patients were followed up just after the operation, and in the 1
st
, 6
th
, and 12
th
weeks postoperation to discover early (scrotal hematoma, edema, wound infection, and postoperation fever) and late (adhesion and recurrence) complications. Also, duration of operation was recorded for each group.
Results:
The incidence of early complications (nine cases in high-ligation and eight cases in non-ligation group) was the same in both groups (
P
= 0.402). No late complication was observed in any group. The mean duration of operation in high-ligation group (18.84 ± 5.47 min) was significantly shorter than non-ligation group (21.46 ± 9.03 min) (
P
< 0.001).
Conclusion:
Complications are the same in herniotomy with or without ligation of the sac, but the duration of the non-ligation procedure is shorter than that of high-ligation. We suggest that herniotomy without sac ligation in children be the procedure of choice to save time and also to prevent any other possible complications such as nerve damage, spermatic cord injury, or peritoneal tearing.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (4) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Evaluation of the effect of radiofrequency catheter ablation on autonomic function in patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia by head-up tilt table test
Mohammad Vahid Jorat, Sayyed Ali Eftekharzadeh, Masoud Mirzaei, Mohammadbagher Owlia, Nasser Hosein Sartipzadeh, Maryam-Alsadat Salami, Mohammadreza Vafaeenasab, Ali Akbar Rahimianfar, Marzieh Shamibaf, Minoo Jafarieh, Zeynolabedin Seyfpourshouraki, Mohammadtaghi Sarebanhassanabadi
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:96 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156662
PMID
:26015922
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Use of restriction fragment length polymorphism to identify
Candida
species, related to onychomycosis
Rasoul Mohammadi, Parisa Badiee, Hamid Badali, Mahdi Abastabar, Ahmad Hosseini Safa, Mahboubeh Hadipour, Hajar Yazdani, Farnaz Heshmat
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:95 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156659
PMID
:26015921
Background:
Onychomycosis is one of the most common clinical forms of fungal infections due to both filamentous fungi and yeasts. The genus of
Candida
is one of the most prominent causes of onychomycosis in all around the world. Although
Candida
albicans
is still the most frequent cause of nail infections, use of broad-spectrum antifungal agents has led to a shift in the etiology of
C. albicans
to non-
albicans
species. The aim of the present study is rapid and precise identification of
candida
species isolated from nail infection by using of PCR-RFLP technique.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 360 clinical yeast strains were collected from nail infections in Iran. Genomic DNA was extracted using FTA
;
cards. ITS1-5.8SrDNA-ITS2 region was amplified using universal primers and subsequently products were digested with the restriction enzyme
Msp
I. For identification of newly described species (
C. parapsilosis
complex), the SADH gene was amplified, followed by digestion with
Nla
III restriction enzyme.
Results:
Candida albicans
was the most commonly isolated species (41.1%), followed by
C. parapsilosis
(21.4%),
C. tropicalis
(12.8%),
C. kefyr
(9.4%),
C. krusei
(5.5%),
C. orthopsilosis
(4.1%),
C. glabrata
(2.8%),
C. guilliermondii
(1.4%),
C. rugosa
(0.8%), and
C. lusitaniae
(0.5%). Patients in the age groups of 51-60 and 81-90 years had the highest and lowest distribution of positive specimens, respectively.
Conclusion:
Rapid and precise identification of
Candida
species from clinical specimens lead to appropriate therapeutic plans.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (9) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
A study of blood serotonin and serotonin transporter promoter variant (5-HTTLPR) polymorphism in Egyptian autistic children
Nagwa A Meguid, Ola H Gebril, Rehab O Khalil
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:94 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156658
PMID
:26015920
Background:
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex, heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with onset during early childhood. Most studies have reported an elevation in platelet serotonin in persons with autism. The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) transporter in the brain uptakes 5-HT from extracellular spaces. It is also present in platelets, where it takes up 5-HT from plasma. Polymorphisms in serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) were frequently studied in many neuropsychiatric disorders.
Materials and Methods:
We have measured the plasma 5-HT levels in 20 autistic male children and 20 control male children by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. In addition, the SLC6A4 promoter region (5-HTTLPR) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism was studied, using whole genomic DNA.
Results:
Plasma serotonin was significantly low in autistic children compared to control (
P
= 0.001), although correlation to severity of autism was not significant. The frequency of short (S) allele in autism cases was 10% and in the control group it was absent.
Conclusion:
Our study demonstrated an increased prevalence of 5-HTTLPR S allele in autism subjects. Significantly decreased plasma serotonin was detected in autism subjects, with no significant relationship between 5-HTTLPR genotype and plasma 5-HT being evident.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (6) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
The effect of time and temperature on viability and performance of Langerhans islets separated from Balb/c mouse after death
Rostam Ghorbani, Cyrus Jalili, Mohammad Reza Salahshoor, Maryam Shiasi
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:93 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156657
PMID
:26015919
Background:
Tissue transplantation plays a pivotal role in the treatment of diseases. Pancreatic beta cell transplantation is the best way to obtain normal blood glucose in patients with diabetes type 1. However, it is not clear how long endocrine pancreas cells can be used for transplantation after the donor's death. The present study was conducted to analyze the performance and viability of pancreatic islet cells after death.
Materials and Methods:
Pancreas was separated from Balb/c mice at different times (0, 1, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h after death) at temperatures of 4°C and 23°C, and was cultured in Roswell_Park_Memorial_Institute (RPMI) 1640. Insulin shock, MTT assay, aldehyde fuchsin staining, dithizone staining, and florescence microscopy methods were applied to analyze the performance of beta cells, cell viability, islets' diagnosis, islet cells' diagnosis, and viable and necrotic cells diagnosis, respectively.
Results:
Islets of Langerhans and beta cells were diagnosed. By increasing the temperature and time, the viability and performance of beta cells decreased significantly (
P
< 0.05).
Conclusion:
The best condition for keeping the islets of Langerhans in terms of viability and performance is 4 h after death at temperature of 4°C.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (1) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Pistachio supplementation attenuates motor and cognition impairments induced by cisplatin or vincristine in rats
Leila Golchin, Mohammad Shabani, Shaahin Harandi, Moazamehosadat Razavinasab
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:92 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156656
PMID
:26015918
Background:
A large number of natural products and dietary components have been evaluated as potential chemoprotective agents. In the present investigation we report the effects of treatment with the dietary antioxidant, pistachio, on cisplatin- or vincristine-induced neurotoxicity in male Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods:
Dietary pistachio (10%) was assessed for its neuroprotective effects through the alteration in performance of hippocampus- and cerebellum-related behaviors following chronic cisplatin (5 mg/kg) or vincristine (0.2 mg/kg) treatment in male rats. We also evaluated the effects of cisplatin, vincristine, and pistachio administration on nociception. Six behavioral tasks were used: open field, rotarod, grasping, Morris water maze (MWM), hot plate, and motor nerve conductive velocity (MNCV).
Results:
We showed that the exposure of adolescent rats to cisplatin or vincristine resulted in a significant decrease in explorative behaviors and memory retention. Pistachio consumption somewhat improved memory and motor abilities in cisplatin- or vincristine-treated rats, while pistachio alone did not show any significant changes in these abilities compared to saline. Cisplatin and vincristine increased the latency of response to nociception, and pistachio did not reverse this effect.
Conclusion:
We conclude that pistachio in the diet following anticancer drugs such as cisplatin and vincristine might have a protective effect against anticancer drug-induced disruptions in motor and cognitive function. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms of this protective effect of pistachio.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (13) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Case Report:
A girl with increased writing and painting activities associated with Turner's syndrome and autistic spectrum disorder
Shohreh Mohseni Ahouee, Mitra Hakim Shooshtari, Reza Bidaki
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:91 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156655
PMID
:26015917
This report describes the findings on the evaluation of a 9-year-old girl with disabling and pronounced increased writing and painting activities associated with Turner's syndrome and autistic spectrum disorder. She spent most of the time doing these activities which affected not only her academic performance, but also social relationships. A comprehensive treatment plan consists of both biological and psychological aspects, is the main point of this case. Low dose of risperidone (0.5 mg/day) was started to decrease the patient's stereotypic behaviors. Sertraline (12.5 mg/day) was prescribed for her phobia. She was also referred to an occupational therapist in order to improve her social skills.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
The relationship between carotid artery colour Doppler finding and cerebral oximetry
Mohammad Sobhan Ardakani, Manouchehr Heidari, Reza Nafisi Moghaddam, Mahdi Haddadzadeh, Hossein Moshtaghion, Ali Akbar Rahimianfar
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:90 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156654
PMID
:26015916
Background:
In some cases, permanent reduction in cerebral functioning affects a high percentage of patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. We studied the relationship between the results of preoperative bilateral carotid artery colour Doppler sonography and regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO
2
) during coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG).
Materials and Methods:
This study was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted with 96 candidates for off-pump CABG. This study determined the percentage of the correlation of rSO
2
with demographic information, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, myocardial infraction (MI), and smoking, and also provided information on the presence and type of plaque, intima-media thickness (IMT), and percentage of stenosis of carotid artery detected through colour Doppler sonography. Data were analyzed by the
t
-test, the Chi-square test, and simple linear regression.
Results:
In this study, the mean value of rSO
2
increased after intubation compared to the mean before intubation, the difference being statistically significant (
P
= 0.005). A comparison of the mean rSO
2
of the right side of the brain and the percentage of right carotid obstruction (stenosis of less than 50% vs. stenosis with a range of 50-69%) revealed that the mean rSO
2
at the time of the partial-clamp between carotid stenosis less than 50% and carotid stenosis with a range of 50-69% was statistically significant (
P
= 0.043).
Conclusions:
There is no statistically significant correlation between rSO
2
and percentage of carotid artery stenosis less than 70%. It is advised that rSO
2
and carotid stenosis of greater than 70% be studied in future.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (3) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Letter to Editor:
What is the important practical implication of detecting decreased G6PD levels in vitiligo?
Mohammad Reza Namazi
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:89 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156653
PMID
:26015915
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (1) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Does nitrogen gas bubbled through a low density polymer gel dosimeter solution affect the polymerization process?
Daryoush Shahbazi-Gahrouei, Mehrdad Gholami, Tayyeb Allahverdi Pourfallah, Mohammad Keshtkar
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:88 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156651
PMID
:26015914
Background:
On account of the lower electron density in the lung tissue, the dose distribution in the lung cannot be verified with the existing polymer gel dosimeters. Thus, the aims of this study are to make a low density polymer gel dosimeter and investigate the effect of nitrogen gas bubbles on the R
2
responses and its homogeneity.
Materials and Methods:
Two different types of low density polymer gel dosimeters were prepared according to a composition proposed by De Deene, with some modifications. In the first type, no nitrogen gas was perfused through the gel solution and water. In the second type, to expel the dissolved oxygen, nitrogen gas was perfused through the water and gel solution. The post-irradiation times in the gels were 24 and 5 hours, respectively, with and without perfusion of nitrogen gas through the water and gel solution.
Results:
In the first type of gel, there was a linear correlation between the doses and R
2
responses from 0 to 12 Gy. The fabricated gel had a higher dynamic range than the other low density polymer gel dosimeter; but its background R
2
response was higher. In the second type, no difference in R
2
response was seen in the dose ranges from 0 to 18 Gy. Both gels had a mass density between 0.35 and 0.45 g.cm
-3
and CT values of about -650 to -750 Hounsfield units.
Conclusion:
It appeared that reactions between gelatin-free radicals and monomers, due to an increase in the gel temperature during rotation in the household mixer, led to a higher R
2
-background response. In the second type of gel, it seemed that the collapse of the nitrogen bubbles was the main factor that affected the R
2
-responses.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (1) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Isolation of toxigenic
Clostridium difficile
from ready-to-eat salads by multiplex polymerase chain reaction in Isfahan, Iran
Mahire Yamoudy, Maryam Mirlohi, Bahram Nasr Isfahani, Mohammad Jalali, Zahra Esfandiari, Nafiseh Sadat Hosseini
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:87 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156650
PMID
:26015913
Background:
Since 2003, the incidence of community associated
Clostridium difficile
infection (CA-CDI) has increased; different types of food have been supposed to be the vectors of
C. difficile
strains. The purpose of this study is to investigate the occurrence of C
. difficile
strains in ready-to-eat salads distributed in food services.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 106 ready-made salad specimens were sampled from different restaurants and food services located in Isfahan, in the center of Iran. Positive isolates of
C
.
difficile
were identified and confirmed for the existence of three genes including
tpi, tcdA
and
tcdB
by multiplex PCR.
Results:
A total of six (5.66%) samples were positive for
C. difficile
strains
.
Of which, one strain (16.6%) was positive for A and B toxins.
Conclusion:
The existence of toxigenic
C. difficile
in ready-made salads could be a caution for public health. Further investigation is required to assess the relationship between the isolated strains in our study and those from diarrheic patients through molecular typing.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (8) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
The effect of sevoflurane versus propofol anesthesia on troponin I after congenital heart surgery, a randomized clinical trial
Leila Mahdavi, Mohammad Hasan Abdollahi, Ahmad Entezari, Ehsan Salehi, Habibollah Hosseini, Syed Hossein Moshtaghioon, Azam Rafie, Ali Akbar Rahimianfar
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:86 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156649
PMID
:26015912
Background
: The ischemic preconditioning phenomenon can save myocardium against move severe ischemic damages and reduce infarction size and furthermore a heart rhythm disturbance. In this study we examine relationship between troponin I (as a structural myocardial protein) level and anesthetic agents in the children.
Materials and Methods:
In this study 84 children under 12 years age before cardiac surgery were divided randomly into two groups of 42 each. For anesthetic maintenance sevoflurane with dose of 0.5-1 MAC was used in Group 1 and 100-150 mg/kg/min of intravenous propofol in Group 2 for maintenance of anesthesia. Troponin I level was assessed 2 before and 1 hour after anesthetic induction. Outcome measures included the serum cardiac troponin I level in children before and after surgery in two study groups.
Results:
There was no significant difference between two groups in indices and both groups were homogenous in this point of view. The troponin I level after surgery was significantly increased in two groups. In the sevoflurane group it was 0.04 ± 0.12 to 0.05 ± 0.09 ng/ml (
P
value = 0.003) and the propofol group was 0.12 ± 0.26 to 0.19 ± 0.38 ng/ml (
P
value = 0.001).
Conclusions:
In this study two Anesthetic regimens were compared to assess the mean troponin I level before and after pediatric closed heart surgery, and it was shown that mean troponin level before and after surgery in the sevoflurane group was less than the propofol group. But this result was not statistically significant. These results indicate that although more protective effects of sevoflurane on myocardial injuries during pediatric cardiac surgery is predominant but this effect has no significant difference in the propofol group.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (3) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Fecal calprotectin is a useful marker to diagnose ulcerative colitis from irritable bowel syndrome
Hamid Kalantari, Akhtar Taheri, Majid Yaran
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:85 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156647
PMID
:26015911
Background:
This study was aimed to evaluate the predictive value of fecal calprotectin in patients with ulcerative colitis from patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
Materials and Methods:
Between May and October 2013, 88 adult patients, between the age 18 and 65 years with a history of chronic diarrhea of unknown origin were assessed. Standard colonoscopies were performed in all patients to assess ulcerative colitis. Before colonoscopies, they were asked to supply a stool specimen. Fecal calprotectin value was measured using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.
Results:
The mean of age, gender combination, and body mass index were not significantly different between patients with ulcerative colitis or IBS. The duration of disease in ulcerative colitis patients was significantly higher than IBS patients (
P
< 0.0001). The level of calprotectin in ulcerative colitis patients was significantly higher than IBS patients (265.9 vs 115.8, respectively,
P
= 0.001). Also, cutoff value >164 μg/g with sensitivity and specify of 57 (CI: 41%-71.6%), and 75 (CI: 59.7%-56.8%), respectively, was the best for discrimination between patients with ulcerative colitis and those with IBS.
Conclusion:
Our results show that fecal calprotectin as a noninvasive method, which can be used to identify patients with ulcerative colitis from IBS patients has low sensitivity and specificity.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (8) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
The metabolic syndrome and associated lifestyle factors among the Iranian population
Mojgan Gharipour, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Masoumeh Sadeghi, Alireza Khosravi, Mohsen Hoseini, Hossein Khosravi-Boroujeni, Arsalan Khaledifar
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:84 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156645
PMID
:26015910
Background:
This study aims to evaluate the impact of the Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP) interventions concerning healthy behavior, on the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in the Iranian population.
Materials and Methods:
The IHHP targeted the population at large in three districts in central Iran from 2000 to 2007. Numerous interventional activities were performed to improve lifestyle. The main intervention strategies were public education through mass media, intersectional cooperation, health professional education, marketing and organizational development, legislation and policy development, as well as research and evaluation. MetS was defined based on the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III definition. The logistic regression method was applied to explore the relationship between lifestyle factors with components of metabolic risk factors.
Results:
The mean age of the participants was 44.68 ± 14.43 years in 2001. The mean values of the MetS components differed from 2001 to 2007. The mean of systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreased from 126.7 ± 22.31 to 124.21 ± 20.0 and from 129.47 ± 23.08 to 126.26 ± 21.88 among females in both the intervention and reference areas. Similar changes were observed among males. The mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and triglycerides decreased significantly in the intervention area and increased significantly in the reference area in both sexes. High density protein cholesterol (HDL-C) was decreased in both sexes, from 2001 to 2007, in both areas. A strong relationship between tobacco control with high SBP and hypertriglyceridemia was found (P < 0.01).
Conclusion:
Lifestyle improvement programs could be useful to improve the MetS status among men and women.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (4) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Role of endothelin-1 antagonist; bosentan, against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in male and female rats
Zahra Jokar, Mehdi Nematbakhsh, Maryam Moeini, Ardeshir Talebi
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:83 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156642
PMID
:26015909
Background:
Cisplatin (CP) is a chemotherapy drug, with the major side effect of nephrotoxicity. The level of endothelin-1 (ET-1) increases during nephrotoxicity, which is accompanied with vasoconstrictive properties. Bosentan (BOS) is a nonselective ET-1 receptor antagonist, having vasodilatory and anti-hypertension effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the renoprotective effect of BOS against CP-induced nephrotoxicity in male and female rats.
Materials
and Methods:
Male and female rats were divided into six groups; groups 1-3 and 4-6 were male and female rats, respectively. Animals in groups 1 and 4 were considered as negative control and groups 2 and 5 considered as positive control groups received BOS (30 mg/kg/day) alone and CP (2.5 mg/kg/day) alone, respectively, for 1-week. The animals in groups 3 and 6 were treated with both CP and BOS. Finally, serum parameters were measured, and the kidney tissue was subjected to staining to evaluate tissue damage.
Results:
The serum levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, kidney tissue damage score and kidney weight elevated, and body weight significantly decreased in both CP alone and in CP plus BOS-treated groups when compared with the control groups (
P
< 0.05), while BOS did not ameliorate these parameters neither in males nor in females. No significant differences were observed in serum levels of nitrite and malondialdehyde between the groups, but kidney tissue level of nitrite decreased significantly in CP alone and CP plus BOS-treated groups (
P
< 0.05).
Conclusion:
Renoprotective effect of BOS, as ET-1 blocker, was not observed against CP-induced nephrotoxicity neither in male nor in female rats. This is while BOS promoted the severity of injuries in females.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (3) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Early and late posttraumatic seizures following traumatic brain injury: A five-year follow-up survival study
Mohammad Reza Najafi, Homayoun Tabesh, Hamid Hosseini, Mojtaba Akbari, Mohammad Amin Najafi
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:82 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156640
PMID
:26015908
Background:
The main objective of this study was to determine the incidence, time to event, and risk factors for posttraumatic seizures (PTS) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a five-year follow-up survival design.
Materials and Methods:
In a cohort study, between September 2008 and October 2013, 411 traumatic brain injury patients referring to the Emergency Units (EUs) of the Isfahan University Hospitals, who met the inclusion criteria, entered the study. Follow-up evaluations were conducted by telephone conversation or clinical examination, if needed. The patients were followed for up to five years after TBI or until a first seizure event if it occurred prior to the five-year anniversary. The survival rate data were collected and measured for all patients under follow-up. Survival analysis on PTS and its related predictors was done using the Kaplan-Meier curves and the Cox proportional hazards regression. All analyses were done using STATA and SPSS statistical software, and
P
-values smaller than 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.
Results:
The median duration of follow-up was 36 months (Interquartile range: 23-50). A significantly greater number of first seizures occurred in the first year after injury than all other years (57.7%). The overall incidence of posttraumatic seizures, in this study population, was 6.33% (95% CI: 3.96-8.69). Among the participants, the incidence rates for early and late posttraumatic seizures were 1.95 and 4.38%, respectively. The result of the Cox regression analysis showed that the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score and trauma severity were associated with PTS.
Conclusion:
All in all, the present study highlighted the role of the trauma severity and GCS as effective factors in the incidence of seizure in patients with TBI. Particular care is advised for patients with these risk factors during the primary handling in the Emergency Units.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (8) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Ideal anesthetic agents for day-care gynecological procedures: A clinical trial comparing thiopentone with ketamine as adjuncts to propofol
Hemani Ahuja, Valsamma Abraham, John Abraham, Dootika Liddle
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:81 (11 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156639
PMID
:26015907
Background:
Day-care gynecological procedures require the use of anesthetic agents, which ensure rapid induction and recovery. Although propofol is the gold standard drug in day-care procedures, it has its own side effects like apnea, cardiovascular instability, pain on injection, as well as its cost. The ideal drug combination to achieve this end remains elusive. Therefore, a combination of propofol, thiopentone, and ketamine may be a better alternative.
Materials and Methods:
This prospective, double-blind, randomized study was conducted on 60 women, aged 18-50 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status 1 and 2, undergoing day-care gynecological surgeries. The patients were allocated to two groups. Group T received an admixture containing 10 ml of 1% propofol and 10 ml of 1.25% thiopentone. Group K received an admixture containing 10 ml of 1% propofol and 10 ml of 0.5% ketamine.
Results:
There was less variation in the mean systolic blood pressure of patients in Group K as compared to patients in Group T. The mean total dose of propofol required in Group K (0.85 mg/kg) was significantly less than that required in Group T (1.12 mg/kg) (
P =
0.0004). The mean recovery time in Group T (3.67 minutes) was significantly less than in Group K (6.27 minutes;
P =
0.0001). However, the mean discharge time in both the groups was similar. (
P
= 0.7392). The results were analyzed statistically using the Student's
t
-test and the Fisher's exact test.
Conclusions:
Both the propofol-thiopentone and propofol-ketamine admixtures provided adequate anesthesia. Propofol-ketamine proved superior to propofol-thiopentone in terms of hemodynamic stability and requirement of a lesser total dose of propofol. However, the patients in the propofol-thiopentone group had faster recovery.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (1) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Original Article:
Purified protein derivative test and its booster phenomenon in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Mansour Salesi, Mohsen Meidani, Shirin Meshkinfar, Hurie Hashemi, Ziba Farajzadegan
Adv Biomed Res
2015, 4:80 (8 May 2015)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.156638
PMID
:26015906
Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common disease in the community, with various complications. An appropriate solution is immunosuppressive drugs, which may lead to weakening of the cellular immune system and body unresponsiveness to tuberculosis (TB). As TB sensitivity is determined by the amount of induration created in the Purified Protein Derivative
(
PPD) test, this study aims to evaluate the immune response to the PPD test and its booster in RA patients.
Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was performed on rheumatoid arthritis patients referred to Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan, treated with ‹20 mg glucocorticoid daily or 7.5 mg Methotrexate (MTX) weekly. The sampling method was simple and accessible. The PPD test was performed in patients using the Mantoux method after 72 hours, and seven days later, the results were interpreted in 72 hours after the PPD booster injection. Induration ≥5 mm was considered to be positive. The data was analyzed using the SPSS software.
Results:
Nineteen patients had positive results in the initial and reminder tests and 81 patients had negative results in both tests. Six patients (6.9%) with negative results in the initial test changed to positive in the reminder test. There was no positive result in the initial test and negative result in the reminder one. The frequency distribution of the reminder test, based on the initial test was significant (
P
< 0.001). Also, the McNemar test showed that the changes in the reminder test based on the initial test had a significant difference (
P
= 0.031).
Conclusion:
It seems that in the endemic and developing areas, the PPD booster is applicable for diagnosing latent tuberculosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
[ABSTRACT]
[HTML Full text]
[PDF]
[Mobile Full text]
[EPub]
[Citations (3) ]
[PubMed]
[Sword Plugin for Repository]
Beta
Feedback
Subscribe
Advanced Search
Month wise articles
Figures next to the month indicate the number of articles in that month
2022
April
[
9
]
March
[
8
]
February
[
9
]
January
[
10
]
2021
December
[
10
]
November
[
11
]
October
[
5
]
September
[
6
]
August
[
2
]
July
[
4
]
June
[
3
]
May
[
1
]
March
[
2
]
February
[
4
]
January
[
6
]
2020
December
[
8
]
November
[
7
]
October
[
13
]
September
[
10
]
August
[
10
]
July
[
7
]
June
[
4
]
May
[
5
]
April
[
5
]
March
[
3
]
February
[
4
]
January
[
5
]
2019
December
[
2
]
November
[
5
]
October
[
5
]
September
[
7
]
August
[
6
]
July
[
3
]
June
[
7
]
May
[
5
]
April
[
8
]
March
[
6
]
February
[
8
]
January
[
10
]
2018
December
[
9
]
November
[
9
]
October
[
11
]
September
[
5
]
August
[
10
]
July
[
10
]
June
[
13
]
May
[
17
]
April
[
17
]
March
[
19
]
February
[
19
]
January
[
20
]
2017
December
[
13
]
November
[
21
]
October
[
12
]
September
[
9
]
August
[
15
]
July
[
22
]
June
[
11
]
May
[
14
]
April
[
14
]
March
[
21
]
February
[
8
]
January
[
8
]
2016
December
[
17
]
November
[
20
]
October
[
12
]
September
[
9
]
August
[
19
]
July
[
16
]
June
[
17
]
May
[
17
]
April
[
16
]
March
[
36
]
February
[
14
]
January
[
14
]
2015
December
[
2
]
November
[
15
]
October
[
25
]
September
[
29
]
August
[
29
]
July
[
31
]
June
[
11
]
May
[
39
]
March
[
15
]
February
[
29
]
January
[
34
]
2014
December
[
23
]
November
[
25
]
October
[
18
]
September
[
19
]
August
[
22
]
July
[
13
]
June
[
11
]
May
[
22
]
April
[
2
]
March
[
24
]
February
[
11
]
January
[
77
]
2013
November
[
10
]
October
[
5
]
August
[
1
]
July
[
23
]
June
[
11
]
March
[
42
]
2012
December
[
4
]
October
[
17
]
August
[
34
]
July
[
15
]
May
[
10
]
March
[
7
]
1900
January
[
1
]
Sitemap
|
What's New
Feedback
|
Copyright and Disclaimer
|
Privacy Notice
© Advanced Biomedical Research | Published by Wolters Kluwer -
Medknow
Online since 15 January, 2012