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Original Article:
Hydroalcoholic tarooneh extract (Spathe of Phoenix Dactylifera) increased sedative-hypnotic effects and modulated electroencephalography brain waves in anesthetized rats
Sahar Rahimi, Hojjatollah Alaei, Parham Reisi, Bahare Zarrin, Zahra Siahmard, Ali Asghar Pourshanazari
Adv Biomed Res
2019, 8:24 (28 March 2019)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.255135
PMID
:31008090
Background:
Spathe of phoenix dactylifera is hard-covering envelope of date palm which is mentioned as a nerve relief in ancient medicine books. In this experiment, three extract doses used in sleeping time, sedative efficacy, and electroencephalography (EEG) protocol to show different aspects of extract effects on sleep.
Materials and Methods:
In three sleeping time, anesthesia time and EEG experiment protocols test group containing three extract doses (62.5, 125, and 250 mg/kg) were compared with saline control group, and in sleeping time experiment control group contained intact, midazolam, and saline group to detail more in behavioral Angel method.
Results:
Three extract doses increased sleeping time when compared with saline control group (
P
< 0.05). In evaluated sedative efficacy, two 125 and 250 mg/kg doses increased anesthesia and showed sedative effect (
P
< 0.05). In EEG experiment, dose 125 mg/kg increased delta waves and decreased high-frequency waves of alpha and beta. In addition, there were significant decreases in alpha waves of 62.5 and 250 mg/kg doses.
Conclusion:
Although all three doses increased sleeping time, dose 125 mg/kg is more efficient for deep and relaxing sleep and suits more for related researches.
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Case Report:
Report of a hydatid cyst case with biceps brachii involvement
Hassan Salehi, Kiarash Salimi Boroujeni, Shoeleh Yaghoubi
Adv Biomed Res
2019, 8:23 (28 March 2019)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.255134
PMID
:31008089
Muscular hydatid cyst is a rare condition mainly secondary to the cysts from other organs. We hereby present an uncommon case of primary hydatid cyst found in the right biceps brachii muscle of a 36-year-old male. Magnetic resonance revealed no
Echinococcus
involvement in any other part of his body. Chest X-ray was normal, and no trace of cyst was found in the lung. In areas where echinococcosis is endemic, any tumor or mass in any part of the patient's body should be evaluated and examined for
Echinococcus
infestation. This paper is the second case report article on echinococcal biceps brachii infestation existing to this date.
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Original Article:
In vitro
Antibacterial Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of
Lawsonia inermis, Malva sylvestris
, and
Boswellia serrata
on
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Surena Vahabi, Mojdeh Hakemi-Vala, Samaneh Gholami
Adv Biomed Res
2019, 8:22 (20 March 2019)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.254625
PMID
:31016180
Background:
Considering the increased rate of microbial resistance to antibiotics and chemical side effects of antibiotics and antiseptics used for the treatment of periodontal disease, there is a need for an alternative antimicrobial agent with fewer complications. Medicinal herbs have recently become popular as novel antimicrobial agents. This study aimed to assess the antibacterial effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of
Lawsonia inermis, Malva sylvestris
, and
Boswellia serrata
on
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
.
Materials and Methods:
Hydroalcoholic extracts of the three medicinal plants were obtained by the maceration technique and
A. actinomycetemcomitans
was cultured. Antimicrobial efficacy of the three medicinal plants was compared with that of 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocol using agar disc diffusion and broth microdilution techniques. All tests were repeated three times.
Results:
Hydroalcoholic extracts of all three plants had antimicrobial activity against
A. actinomycetemcomitans
. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of
L. inermis, M. sylvestris
, and
B. serrata
was 78.1, 156.2, and 1666 μg/mL with no significant difference between them. The MIC of CHX was 3.33 μg/mL, which was significantly higher than that of
B. serrata
extract.
Conclusion:
Given that further
in vivo
studies confirm other properties of these extracts and their safety in terms of cytotoxicity and mutagenicity, hydroalcoholic extracts of
L. inermis
and
M. sylvestris
may be used in mouthwashes or local delivery systems to affect periodontal biofilm.
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Brief Report:
Outcomes of Implementation of Sacral Nerve Stimulation in Incontinent Patients in Shiraz
Alimohammad Bananzadeh, Seyed Vahid Hosseini, Ahmad Izadpanah, Alireza Izadi, Hajar Khazraei, Mozhdeh Zamani, Faranak Bahrami
Adv Biomed Res
2019, 8:21 (20 March 2019)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.254624
PMID
:31016179
Background:
Fecal incontinence is a common disorder in old age; however, it may not threaten life, but it can cause morbidity and many problems. Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure performed by chronic electrical stimulation of the nerves in the sacral plexus through a lead implanted at the S3 foramen. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of SNS in Shiraz.
Materials and Methods:
Data from patients who underwent implantation of an SNS device from 2012 to 2018 were reviewed in Shiraz. Thirty patients who had incontinence were evaluated by a committee. Pre- and postoperative assessments of the severity of incontinence were performed using Wexner Incontinence Score. Statistical analysis was performed using paired
t
-test.
Results:
Twenty-seven patients proceeded to insertion in the temporary SNS, and of these, 16 were elected to have a permanent SNS. Finally, seven patients were satisfied with their treatment. There was a significant reduction in the pre- and post-SNS Wexner Incontinence Scores from a median of 15–10, respectively (
P
< 0.05).
Conclusion:
In our study, 16 patients underwent SNS protocol, and 43.7% of them showed a good response and recovered. It is recommended as a method for the treatment of fecal incontinence. Permanent SNS is effective, showing a significant improvement in fecal incontinence scores.
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Original Article:
Diagnostic Value of Cytology in Detecting Endometrial Hyperplasia and Endometrial and Ovarian Cancers in Patients Undergoing Hysterectomy or Salpingo-Oophorectomy
Tajossadat Allameh, Shiva Danesh-Pour, Nooshin Afshar Moghadam, Shima Danesh-Pour
Adv Biomed Res
2019, 8:20 (20 March 2019)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.254623
PMID
:31016178
Background:
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common cancers among women in the world. This study aimed to compare the results of endometrial and endocervical cytology with the ultimate outcome of the uterus, ovary, and fallopian tube (derived from hysterectomy or salpingo-oophorectomy) in diagnosing endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial, and OC.
Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 30 women with endometrial hyperplasia, 90 cases of endometrial cancer, 30 cases of OC, and 30 normal controls undergoing hysterectomy or salpingo-oophorectomy referring to Al-Zahra and Shahid Beheshti Hospitals in 2015–2017. Their basic and clinical characteristics were recorded, and then, endometrial cytology was performed by a specialist and sent to a pathological center.
Results:
Diagnostic value of cytology showed that out of 90 individuals with endometrial cancer, 78 (86.7%) ones were positive and 12 (13.3%) were negative with sensitivity and specificity of 86.67% and 100%, respectively. Its positive predictive values (PPVs) and negative predictive values (NPVs) were 100% and 71.4% (AUC = 0.933;
P
< 0.0001). In diagnosing endometrial hyperplasia out of 30 individuals with endometrial hyperplasia, there were 24 (80.0%) positive and 6 (20.0%) negative with sensitivity and specificity of 80.00% and 100%, respectively. Its PPVs and NPVs were 100% and 83.3%, respectively (AUC = 0.9000;
P
< 0.0001). In diagnosing, OC cytology could not detect any one of the 30 individuals with OC, with sensitivity and specificity of 0% and 100.0%, respectively. Its PPVs and NPVs were 0% and 50%, respectively (AUC = 0.500;
P
= 1.00).
Conclusion:
Cytology has a good diagnostic value for detecting endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer compared to pathology; however, due to very low sensitivity in detection of OC, it could not be considered as a good diagnostic tool.
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Review Article:
Reteplase: Structure, Function, and Production
Elmira Mohammadi, Hooria Seyedhosseini-Ghaheh, Karim Mahnam, Ali Jahanian-Najafabadi, Hamid Mir Mohammad Sadeghi
Adv Biomed Res
2019, 8:19 (20 March 2019)
DOI
:10.4103/2277-9175.254622
PMID
:31016177
Thrombolytic drugs activate plasminogen which creates a cleaved form called plasmin, a proteolytic enzyme that breaks the crosslinks between fibrin molecules. The crosslinks create blood clots, so reteplase dissolves blood clots. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is a well-known thrombolytic drug and is fibrin specific. Reteplase is a modified nonglycosylated recombinant form of tPA used to dissolve intracoronary emboli, lysis of acute pulmonary emboli, and handling of myocardial infarction. This protein contains kringle-2 and serine protease domains. The lack of glycosylation means that a prokaryotic system can be used to express reteplase. Therefore, the production of reteplase is more affordable than that of tPA. Different methods have been proposed to improve the production of reteplase. This article reviews the structure and function of reteplase as well as the methods used to produce it.
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2022
April
[
9
]
March
[
8
]
February
[
9
]
January
[
10
]
2021
December
[
10
]
November
[
11
]
October
[
5
]
September
[
6
]
August
[
2
]
July
[
4
]
June
[
3
]
May
[
1
]
March
[
2
]
February
[
4
]
January
[
6
]
2020
December
[
8
]
November
[
7
]
October
[
13
]
September
[
10
]
August
[
10
]
July
[
7
]
June
[
4
]
May
[
5
]
April
[
5
]
March
[
3
]
February
[
4
]
January
[
5
]
2019
December
[
2
]
November
[
5
]
October
[
5
]
September
[
7
]
August
[
6
]
July
[
3
]
June
[
7
]
May
[
5
]
April
[
8
]
March
[
6
]
February
[
8
]
January
[
10
]
2018
December
[
9
]
November
[
9
]
October
[
11
]
September
[
5
]
August
[
10
]
July
[
10
]
June
[
13
]
May
[
17
]
April
[
17
]
March
[
19
]
February
[
19
]
January
[
20
]
2017
December
[
13
]
November
[
21
]
October
[
12
]
September
[
9
]
August
[
15
]
July
[
22
]
June
[
11
]
May
[
14
]
April
[
14
]
March
[
21
]
February
[
8
]
January
[
8
]
2016
December
[
17
]
November
[
20
]
October
[
12
]
September
[
9
]
August
[
19
]
July
[
16
]
June
[
17
]
May
[
17
]
April
[
16
]
March
[
36
]
February
[
14
]
January
[
14
]
2015
December
[
2
]
November
[
15
]
October
[
25
]
September
[
29
]
August
[
29
]
July
[
31
]
June
[
11
]
May
[
39
]
March
[
15
]
February
[
29
]
January
[
34
]
2014
December
[
23
]
November
[
25
]
October
[
18
]
September
[
19
]
August
[
22
]
July
[
13
]
June
[
11
]
May
[
22
]
April
[
2
]
March
[
24
]
February
[
11
]
January
[
77
]
2013
November
[
10
]
October
[
5
]
August
[
1
]
July
[
23
]
June
[
11
]
March
[
42
]
2012
December
[
4
]
October
[
17
]
August
[
34
]
July
[
15
]
May
[
10
]
March
[
7
]
1900
January
[
1
]
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